How can I tell if the call against Egypt was actually unfair?

Start with the exact match and the reason the goal was disallowed. Was it offside, a foul, handball, or something else? Those are different questions, and the relevant replay or official explanation matters more than a broad claim about FIFA.

If video review was involved, check what decision was being reviewed and whether that type of call could be reviewed under the competition’s rules. Without those details, there isn’t enough here to assess whether the ruling was right.

A bad call can happen without proving anyone was being protected. I’d want to see the relevant angles and the stated reason before deciding whether the officials got the call wrong. If those aren’t available, it’s fair to call the decision unclear, but not to treat favoritism as established.

For a claim of deliberate bias, one disputed goal isn’t much evidence. You’d need a pattern across comparable decisions, including cases involving other teams, and a way to account for differences in the plays. Otherwise, it’s easy to notice calls that support the theory and overlook the rest.